Language Practice
Present perfect with for and since, school subjects, summer listening, and asking / giving / refusing permission.
for = a period of time
for two months · for an hour · for many years
since = a starting point
since September · since 2014 · since I phoned you
Present Perfect With for And since
观察问题：for 和 since 后面接的内容有什么不同？
现在完成时
表示从过去到现在有联系的状态或经历。
have / has + past participle
表示“持续了多久”，后面接一段时间。
表示“从某个起点开始”，后面可以接时间词，也可以接过去发生的事情。
since 看起点，for 看整段时间
情境：I started playing the piano when I was five. Now I still play the piano.
从我五岁开始，指起点。
持续很多年，指从起点到现在的整段时间。
I started playing the piano when I was five.
I have played the piano since I was five.
I have played the piano for many years.
有些动词是短动作。如果想说“持续了多久”，常常要换成状态表达。
Exercise 2
Complete the sentences below with for and since. Then complete the rules.
1 Aron has lived in Out Skerries he was born.
2 Aron has been the only boy at his school two months.
RULE: In the present perfect, we use to talk about a period of time.
We use to refer to the point in time when an action started.
Exercise 3
When do we use for and when do we use since? Complete the chart.
操作：先点一个时间表达，再点 for 或 since 的盒子。最后点击“检查答案”。
Exercise 4
Complete the sentences. Use the present perfect form of the verbs and for or since.
1 I at my new school last December. (be)
2 Fatima Michael several weeks. (not see)
3 They us an email three months. (not write)
4 I this camera I was ten. (have)
Exercise 5
Write sentences using the present perfect with for or since and the words in brackets.
1 They are at the youth club. (three hours)
2 Joanne and I are good friends. (primary school)
3 She plays in the volleyball team. (two months)
4 I ought to see a doctor. I’m sick. (a week)
5 I don’t hear a lot from Silvia. (last October)
School Subjects
Exercise 6
Match the school subjects in the list with the photos. Write 1–12 in the boxes. Then listen and check.
A-L 答案
这些学科和中文直觉不完全一样
不是只表示“体育课”这个中文词本身。PE 的全称是 Physical Education，重点是身体活动、运动技能和健康习惯。
PE = Physical Education不是普通“电脑课”那么简单。ICT 是 Information and Communication Technology，重点是用技术处理信息、沟通和完成任务。
ICT = Information and Communication Technology不是单纯画画，也不是普通手工。它更像“设计一个东西，并想办法做出来”，会用到材料、工具、结构和解决问题。
Design and Technology = design + make + solve problems不只是“表演”。Drama 还练习声音、动作、表达、合作和想象力。
Drama = acting + speaking + teamworkExercise 7
SPEAKING Answer the questions. Take notes. Then compare your answers with a partner.
1 Which are your favourite subjects? Which don’t you like? Why?
先选一个喜欢的学科，再说一个原因。然后选一个不太喜欢的学科，再说原因。
My favourite subject is ...
I like ... because ...
I don’t really like ... because ...
原因词块2 Which of the subjects are you studying this year?
先从今天的学科词里选出你今年正在学的科目。可以说 3-5 个，不用全说。
This year, I’m studying ...
I have ... lessons every week.
I don’t study ... this year.
3 How long have you studied each subject for?
这里要用今天语法里的 for / since。先决定你想说“多久了”还是“从什么时候开始”。
I have studied ... for ...
I have studied ... since ...
时间词块Ten Things To Do This Summer
Exercise 8
Read the list of ten things to do this summer. Match four of the activities with the pictures.
- Climb a tree
- Camp out in the wild
- Run around in the rain
- Eat an apple straight from a tree
- Swing on a rope swing
- Watch the sun rise
- Climb a huge hill
- Feed a bird from your hand
- Swim in a river
- Cook on a campfire
Exercise 9
Listen to Tom talking to his mother.
1 Which things on the list does he want to do tomorrow?
2 What other things on the list does he mention?
Exercise 10
Listen again. Mark the sentences T (true) or F (false).
1 Tom’s mum is surprised he wants her alarm clock. ____
2 Tom has less than two weeks to finish the challenge. ____
3 Tom found the list in a magazine. ____
4 Tom’s mum thinks the challenge is a good idea. ____
5 Tom wants to climb the Malvern Hills with his friends. ____
6 Tom’s mum isn’t happy to take him to the Malvern Hills. ____
Exercise 11
SPEAKING Have you done any of the things on the list? Tell your partner.
Exercise 12
Think of more things you could put on the list.
Asking And Giving / Refusing Permission
Exercise 13
Put the dialogues in the correct order. Write the numbers 1–4.
Exercise 14
Mark the sentences AP (asking permission), GP (giving permission) or RP (refusing permission).
ROLE PLAY
Work in pairs. Act out short conversations. Ask each other for permission. Use the ideas below, or come up with your own idea.